LGSF Knowledge Series

Steel Frame Structure: How Wall, Floor And Roof System Works In LGSF

LGSF
LGSF
Overview

LGSF is far and wide used in the construction especially of multi-storey buildings. But steel frame structure was hardly ever used and conventionally was seen as too expensive for landed properties.

For instance, in maximum segments of the world wood or structural brickwork is favored whereas in Singapore, resistant concrete construction is usually chosen for landed properties.

But now the scenario is totally different, an assortment of enhanced classification has been developed for use in lands.

Global Usage Of Steel Frame Structure

Light gauge steel frame system is thus not constrained to one area but gradually being used in America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand. This LGSF is created by a cold-formed process without the use of heat.

This course allows steel producer to produce low-weight but high tensile steel sheets. The sheet surface is coated with a zinc alloy that entirely wraps the steel surface and shields it from the corrosive action of environment. Hence, the buildings which are constructed are more firm, stiff, stronger, robust and easier to build.

The benefits of LGSF are so functional and fundamental that they are pretty hard to let go. One such advantage includes the use of pre-fabricated and a preassembled steel module lessens site works, reduces material squander and improves quality.

Steel’s intrinsic potency and noncombustible traits permit light steel frame houses to defend against destructive events like fires, earthquakes, and hurricanes. Homes are planned to triumph over the highest seismic and wind load provision in any part of the country.

Wall system:
A load bearing wall is one of the type which bears upright loads from the structure above or lateral loads ensuing from the wind. These loads can be considered disjointedly or in blend. Mutually, internal and external walls can be load bearing. For solid floor slabs the frame is rigid in place by using brickwork anchors, they are usually hammer driven nails, mounting shell anchors or chemical anchors.

Floor system:
The flooring system is formed of C-sections as joists coupled to C section bearers. The floor joists can be intended from an array of C-section sizes depending on loading parameters. Lattice Beam Flooring offers a stronger and firm base for the floor-board to be fitted. This will eradicate whiny sounds made when floorboards are not accurately fixed onto the beams. It also provides improved sound insulation between the ground and upper floor. This flooring can be used where the ground is crack-leveled.

Roof system:
The roof structure is normally a steel truss system which is fabricated for metal sheets or tiles. This is a roof truss system which characteristically comprise of C75 and C100 sections as the chord and web members of the truss. The steel roof framing system ensemble all sorts of roof design – hip, gable, dutch, dabble and so on.

M & E services:
Pre-punched tune-up gap in the mesh of the steel frame permit electrical, gas and plumbing services to be mount within the wall framing system. Plastic grommets and silicone seals are used to zip and guard wiring and pipes from rust and harm rooting from vibrations.

Wall System In LGSF

The steel sections exercised in LGSF are cold formed sections; that is sections are bent or given shape at room temperature. Largely steel construction is prepared by the steel namely mild steel. Mild steel is massively sturdy.

Load Bearing Walls
Load bearing walls clutches upright loads of construction above or oblique roads ensuing from the wind. These can perform either independently or in blend. Internal and external walls both can be load bearing.

In some walls bracing is required for racking resistance in wind loads. It can either be in the form of bracing straps or bracing sheet.

In load bearing walls, noggins in the form of notched plate could be used to offer tangential resistance to wall studs.

Lintels beneath sheet metal roofs are predominantly planned for fortify from wind loading on the roof frame while lintels below tile roofs are considered chiefly to sustain descending loads from the roof trusses.

Non Load Bearing Walls
Walls which are internal and does not bear truss loads are measured to be non load bearing walls.

In non load bearing wall frames angle lintels are not requisite for openings. Noggins are not needed in non load bearing wall. Top plate is expected to be minimum G550 cold form section.

Wall details and Connections
Steel framing is secure to the floor frame during the bottom plate following all panels that have been accurately aligned and plumbed. For tangible floor slabs the frame is set in position via masonry anchors, which are by and large hammer driven nails, intensifying shell anchors or chemical anchors. The wall panels are generally coupled jointly by automatic fasteners like self-drilling screws.

Wall Cladding and Partitions
Reflective foil sarking may be joined to the peripheral flange of the steel studs along self drilling screws fitted with 25mm flat fiber washers, if necessary. Otherwise, wafer head screws may be utilized.

In case of single wall construction fiber cement sheeting is rigid to steel frames beside self drilling and self embedding head screws. Steel sheet cladding is also fixed with self-drilling screws.

Wall Openings

External Door:
The window frames and doors used in the timber construction frames can also be used in the steel framed construction.

Internal Door:
In internal walls timber door frames can be secret fixed by the back of jamb studs with screw or nails.

Roof System In Light Gauge Frame Structure

The roof structure is by and large a steel truss system that can be intended for metal sheets or tiles.

C75 and C100:
This roof truss system typically consists of C75 and C100 sections as the chord and web members of the truss. Steel roof framing system is appropriate for all sorts of roof designs such as gable, hip, dable, dutch which can be screwed directly into the wall frame.

If tiles are used, wooden-styled roof trusses are used with purling. Truss spacing can be at 600mm centers for sheet and tile roofs or 1200mm centers for sheet roofs. The manufacturer’s directives on category, placement and number of fixings should be followed at all times.

Usage in industrial, residential and airport terminal building:
LGSF’s roofing structure is exceptionally admired and adequate in today’s era. They are used in more or less all industrial and airport terminal building. Steel frame structure can also be used in residential and educational buildings. They are highly being used as a roof system because of an enormously light weight, sturdy, efficient and waterproof roof and offer an ample range of array.

Safer configuration and low upholding:
High strength marks in safer configuration, low upholding and gradual aging of formation .Adding to this less weight causes less movement. Steel roofing sheets need to be sheltered from corrosion, and are usually galvanized or coated with other defensive layers. Due to its potency, steel can cross over longer lengths offering increased design flexibility making LGSF more acceptable by its clients.

Environment friendly:
If we look upon the environmental aspect of LGSF we will find that it shows its bright colors there also. In LGSF, the roof is prepared of ozone friendly materials that have least impact on the environment. As the roofs are constructed by steel they could easily be recycled in future which in turn reduces the requirement for developing more construction material encouraging a greener earth.

Easy transportation and assembly:
LGSF roofs can be easily transported and assembled to the site. Unlike conventional system which faces a lot of chaos due to this, as they are truly rigid to be assembled peacefully and neatly.

LGSF roof crafts houses into an enhanced place to subsist in as they offer a sturdy shed in case of acute weathers conditions such as hurricanes and tornadoes.

Imaginative use of detailing software allows LGSF to form a blend of curved and straight purling frames allowing the structure to support striking sedum roofs.

Flooring System In LGSF

Cold formed steel members can be thus accumulated in multiplicity of permutations to offer cost proficient and protected light gauge floor system for buildings.

Fire resistance:
Steel frame structure is specifically crafted to supply as fire compartment boundaries and also afford adequate fire resistance. Fire performance data can be used in numerical modeling in LGSF floor systems to build up appropriate fire design rules.

That is why light gauge steel framing floors are far and wide accepted in industrial and commercial building construction.

Floor congregation with superior fire resistance rating are required to built up durable building systems for acute fire events .Lately, a recent composite panel system based on external insulation has been formed for LGSF floors to grant higher fire resistance rating beneath fire circumstances.

Better thermal and structural performance:
When practically examined, it was found out that the thermal and structural performance of LGSF floor system was enhanced and advanced as compared to conventional floor systems.

C sections:
In LGSF, flooring system can be shaped from C sections as truss allied to C section bearers. The floor truss can be crafted from a variety of C section sizes.

LGSF confer a sturdy and stiffer support for the floor board to be fitted on. This helps to get rid of whiny sounds produced when floor boards are not accurately fixed firmly. It offers enhanced sound insulation between the ground and the upper floor.

LGSF flooring can be more specifically used in the circumstances where the ground is not even or split leveled.

Sequential composition:
Under Light gauge steel framing system, the fabrication takes place in factory as floor apparatus of building are manufactured as galvanized steel profiles in accurate sizes. These profiles are consigned to the construction spot without loss, allowing for the distance of construction site and transportation circumstances. The board for every floor is unloaded and stacked so that they are in adequate sequence for composition.

All anchors, hangers, tie-downs, bearing ledgers, etc., that are fraction of the partisan structure are suitably sited and attached.

LGSF allows a diminutive gap on both ends of the floor support to maintain the floor truss away from the rim support to avoid the possible problem of the floor hold rubbing against the rim joist and rooting shrill in the floor.

Floor trusses are hence engineered by a design professional.

It is also said to have no upholding requirements throughout anticipated working life. As appropriate and advanced products have been used .Light gauge steel frame therefore provides insulation used in the floor made up of 100% eco friendly materials; that have minimum collision on the environment. It also assures additional floor space due to condensed width of external walls as compared to conventional brick walls.

Galvastrong designs and supplies of light gauge steel frames. We have office in Ahmedabad and we supply material all over India. To get custom quote for your construction project, call us on 9898967967.

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